When is a semicolon typically used in writing?

A semicolon is used to connect closely related independent clauses, particularly when linking them with transitional phrases such as "however" or "therefore." For instance, in a sentence like "I wanted to go for a walk; however, it started to rain," the semicolon effectively links two related thoughts while also signaling a transition between them. This usage helps to emphasize the relationship between the two clauses without the need for a conjunction, allowing for a smoother flow in writing.

Additionally, the other options do not accurately reflect the primary purpose of a semicolon. A semicolon is not typically placed before a dependent clause, nor is it used to separate items in a list, functions generally reserved for commas. Furthermore, quotation marks are the appropriate punctuation for indicating direct speech or quotations, not semicolons. Thus, the use of a semicolon before transitional phrases like "however" or "therefore" is the most accurate understanding of its functionality in writing.