What is the definition of a codon?

A codon is defined as a sequence of three nucleotide bases in DNA or RNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis. This triplet code is essential in the genetic code because it dictates how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA translates into the amino acid sequence of a protein. Each codon specifies which amino acid will be added next during the process of translation.

The definition focuses on the arrangement of three bases, underscoring that it is a fundamental part of the genetic code. This structure is critical for the proper translation of genetic information into functional proteins. Understanding this concept is vital as it forms the basis of how genes are expressed and how traits are inherited.