What is a primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Chloroplasts play a crucial role in photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose or other organic compounds. Located primarily in the cells of green plant tissues, chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing light energy from the sun.

During photosynthesis, chloroplasts utilize carbon dioxide and water, along with solar energy, to produce glucose and oxygen. This process not only provides the energy necessary for the plant’s growth and metabolism but also contributes oxygen to the atmosphere, which is essential for the survival of most living organisms.

The other options reference different cellular functions. Energy production occurs in mitochondria, protein synthesis takes place in ribosomes, and cellular respiration is primarily a function of mitochondria as well. Therefore, the primary function of chloroplasts is specifically tied to photosynthesis, making it the correct answer.