What effect do promoters (enzymes) have on a chemical reaction?

Promoters, commonly referred to as enzymes in biochemical contexts, function by increasing the rate of a chemical reaction. They achieve this by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Activation energy is the minimum energy that reactants must possess for their collisions to be successful in leading to a reaction.

By providing an alternative pathway for the reaction, enzymes enable the reactants to convert into products more efficiently. This process can significantly speed up reactions that would otherwise proceed very slowly or not at all under normal cellular conditions. Therefore, the correct option highlights that enzymes fundamentally enhance the reaction rate, facilitating quicker and more effective biological processes.